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Evolution of Sexual Reproduction

All sexually reproducing eukaryotic organisms (animals, plants and fungus) evolved from a common ancestor that was a single celled eukaryotic species.Many protists reproduce sexually, as do multicellular plants,animals, and fungi. There are a few species which have secondarily lost this feature, such as Bdelloidea and some parthenocarpic plants.

For the advantage due to genetic variation, there are three possible reasons this might happen. First, sexual reproduction can combine the effects of two beneficial mutations in the same individual (i.e. sex aids in the spread of advantageous traits). Also, the necessary mutations do not have to have occurred one after another in a single line of descendants. Second, sex acts to bring together currently deleterious mutations to create severely unfit individuals that are then eliminated from the population (i.e. sex aids in the removal of deleterious genes). However in organisms containing only one set of chromosomes, deleterious mutations would be eliminated immediately, and therefore removal of harmful mutations is an unlikely benefit for sexual reproduction. Lastly, sex creates new gene combinations that may be more fit than previously existing ones, or may simply lead to reduced competition among relatives.

Differences between Sexual an Asexual reproduction.

The main difference in sexual and asexual reproduction, is that in sexual two organisms are needed and the offspring has genetic material from both parents.

Examples of Sexual Reproduction

Sexual Reproduction is undergone by humans where the male produces sperm to fertilise the egg which is in the female. 

As humans, many animals reproduce by sexual reproduction. 

Sexual Reproduction

Sexual Reproduction

Sexual reproduction is a process that creates a new organism by combining the genetic material of two organisms. It occurs in eukaryotes. Prokaryotes display processes similar to sex (mechanisms for lateral gene transfer such asconjugation, transformation and transduction)

Sexual reproduction is the primary method of reproduction for the vast majority of macroscopic organisms, including almost all animals and plants. The evolution of sexual reproduction is a major puzzle. The first fossilized evidence of sexual reproduction in eukaryotes is from the Stenian period, about 1 to 1.2 billion years ago.